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The SWROCU said it had visited 16 premises in total across the south west of England.
In Bournemouth, an employee was found to be working illegally at one premises and vapes were being sold illegally at another.
Premises were also visited in Swindon, Poole, Teignmouth, Saltash, Barnstaple and Braunton, they said.
"Barbershops and other cash-intensive businesses like vape shops, nail bars, American-themed sweet shops and car washes are often used by criminals to launder the proceeds of their crimes," Det Sgt Bray said.
"Their aim is to mix legitimate funds and criminal profits to hinder investigations into their criminality.
"We know they are also adept at exploiting vulnerable people to work in their businesses."